Analysis Of The Novel World War Z Essay - 1711 Words

The Flaws of Epistolary Style in World War Z In the text Writing Essays about Literature (WEAL) epistolary narrative is defined as â€Å"†¦reveals action through letters.† (WEAL, 46) The author Max Brooks in the book World War Z has used the epistolary style in a series of interviews to tell the stories of the people and their survival of the zombie apocalypse. Like any interview, these stories are conversational and have a relaxed tone that is meant to add in an element of authenticity. The idea behind the use of the epistolary style is to convince the readers of these fictional characters and the events that make it seem more factual. However, with this goal to add authenticity the epistolary writing style in the first-person point of view gives rise to the question of bias that may give a narrow perspective of the story among the other flaws that may actually hinder with the readers reading experience. The first flaw is the first-person point of view. The text suggests, â€Å"one of the character tell(s) the st ory and uses the first person pronoun, â€Å"I†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦is restricted to what one character says he or she observes.† (WEAL, 46) This can be a major drawback because the reader may not get a broad perspective. For example, in the book one of the characters, recounted examining a bite mark, â€Å" I realized that it wasn’t from an animal.† (Brooks, 6) In this scenario, the reader learns only from the first-person point of view and not from the other characters and their speculationShow MoreRelatedWhen Art Imitates Art757 Words   |  3 PagesMusic and Literature On an everyday basis the world around us offers us a great deal of information and variety, of enlightening art and the dumbing down entertainment. Many people have fallen into the trap of dismissing anything that is not considered fine art as culturally and intellectually inferior. 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A Proposed Solution to Hiring More Employees Free Essays

Meeting the list above will improve healthy lifestyles for employees to keep working at their full potential. 1. 0 Introduction 1. We will write a custom essay sample on A Proposed Solution to Hiring More Employees or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 Purpose The purpose of this report is to hire a reasonable amount of employees for direct care at Anoka Metro Regional Treatment Center. Hiring employees would cut down performance. 1. 2 Problem The staff mentioned the lack of staff to do the work. Employees were working more hours. They expressed their frustrations about not having holidays off. Not letting the staff know at head of time that they would be working forced overtime was frustrating to staff. Staff felt frustrated with continue mandatory overtime. Patients are staying longer for treatment. Security officers are constantly call on hospital units four to five times in eight hours to handle crisis. Management not listing to staff to hire employees was a lack of team work. 2. 0 Discussion 2. 1 Solution Hire more employees to take the load off the current employees. 2. 2 Benefits Hiring new employees has many benefits. Here are a few of them: Employees could spend more time with family Employees would come to work happier The company would benefit by increasing productivity Benefit economy by giving more people work. It’s cheaper than having current employees work overtime. Customers would have better service. 2. 3 costs Hiring new employees can be a costly process, but it will pay off in the long run. According to Joe Hadzima, a columnist for the Boston Business Journal and lecturer at MIT’s Sloan School of Management, the salary and benefits totals is â€Å"1. 25 to 1. 4 times base salary range. † As shown by Figure 1 Wages and Salaries only equal about 70% of the cost to hire new employees. There are quite a few other expenses you must take into account. The True Cost of Hiring New Employees Figure 1 2. 4 Hiring Process The company could do mix of the following to find applicants: An ad in the paper An internet ad Job fair if enough openings are available Recruiter at a college or university one after each other. It should take a week to get the ads out and another week for applicants to respond to the ads. After the interview it should take about 2 weeks to process the applicants. In about a month new employees should be working in the company. These positions could either be full time or part time whichever is necessary. 2. 5 Training Training is one of the most expensive things about hiring new employees but it’s important for employees to get the proper training. It takes on average 5 months for new employees to become good at their work. According to the Studer Group, â€Å"A survey of 610 CEOs by Harvard Business School estimates that typical mid-level managers require 6. 2 months to reach their break-even point. † There are many benefits to training employees. Here are few of them: They won’t damage expensive company property. Employees will be more productive and efficient at their work. Customers will be happier when they deal with well-trained employees. Other companies are more willing to work with your company if your employees know what they are doing. Average Hours Employees are Trained In A Year This chart shows how employers are training employees more in the last few years. Figure 2 3. 0 Conclusion 3. 1 Solution Hiring new employees is the best solution for companies who are constantly busy and employees are working a ton of hours. Here are some of the many benefits: Current employees could spend more time with family Employees would come to work happier, because theyll have more time to rest and relax. The company would benefit by increasing productivity. Hiring new people is also good for the local economy by giving more people work. It’s heaper to hire new employees than have current employees work overtime. Customer would also be happier with more employees so that they would have better service. 3. 2 Time Frame It should take about a month to hire new employees. It will take about 5 months for the employees to be trained in unless they have previous experience. So new employees should be hired and fully trained in in 6 months. How to cite A Proposed Solution to Hiring More Employees, Papers

Cytotoxic T cells free essay sample

T cell and Natural Killer cell recognition by Human Cytomegalovirus and Adenovirus. Abstract Natural Killer cells and Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are key cells in the first line of immune response against viruses. Cells display peptide fragments via the MHC class I molecules, the recognition of these peptides act like signals to the innate immune system. Viruses such as Adenovirus and Cytomegalovirus have evolved a variety of mechanisms to mask cellular invasion and cause persistent infections. Many aspects and steps of antigen presentation are targeted by viral products to inhibit their recognition. Viruses can up regulate the expression of ligands that activate lymphocytes and also down regulate the expression of MHC class l. NK and CTL activation are distinct ensuring an alternative line of defence when either is inhibited. Introduction The immune system responds to viral infection via effector cells, such as Natural Killer cells (NK cells) and Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)I , which recognise infected cells. We will write a custom essay sample on Cytotoxic T cells or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page NK is a lymphocyte that expresses a range of cell surface receptors, this feature differs this cell from most other lymphocytes 1, making it the best adapted to be the first line of defence against infections. The NK cell surface expresses both activating and inhibitory receptors, which recognise different antigens presented on infected cells. Nucleated cells express peptide fragments of the proteins produced within the cell, on their surface via the MHC class l. Healthy cells present house keeping peptide fragments whereas infected cells present foreign peptides. These peptide fragments in MHC class I complex are recognised by the T cells containing CD8 surface glycoprotein (so called CTR) activating the CTL. The NK cell activity is mainly regulated by receptors that are complementary to major histocompatibility complex MHC) class I antigens (peptide fragments), the level of specific activated receptors (activating and inhibitory) will decide whether to target the cell. 2 The MHC class I consists of 2 polypeptides: one membrane-integrated alpha (a) chain that folds to form 3 alpha (a) domains, and integral a non-covalently bound beta-2 microglobulin (Ã'Ÿ2m) [3]. Two a domains form the groove on the upper surface of the MHC class I molecule where the peptide fragments bind, to give rise to an antigen presenting MHC class l. The polypeptides fold and assemble into the class I MHC in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) lumen where foreign peptide fragments also assemble. In order for these fragments to get from the cytosol into the ER lumen, the transporter associates with antigen presenting (TAP) is required. TAP is a heterodimer composed of TAP 1 and TAP 2 subunits, forming a pore. TAP also influences the final stages of class I MHC assembly, for this task to be successfully completed, tapasin is essential. Tapasin ease the links of class I MHC and TAP. Once the class I MHC is correctly loaded it migrates to the exporter site where the molecules are selected and packed into cargo vesicles to be transported to the Golgi pparatus. (Figure 1) Many viruses have evolved various mechanisms to avoid and supress immune responses, in this essay we will talk more specifically about the mechanisms used by Adenovirus (And) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Explain the underlying principles how cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and NK cells recognize their target cells. Natural Killer cells and Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are white blood cells produced in the bone narrow and are part of the innate immune system. Both cell types induce infected cells to undergo apoptosis before the virus has had the chance to replicate inside the cell. Natural killer cells, as well as cytotoxic T cells, recognise infected cells by their MHC class I proteins 4. All nucleated cells in the human body contain this cell surface molecule, which presents peptide fragments of proteins synthesised inside the cell. In infected cells, the peptide fragments for antigen presentation are a result of the processing of viral proteins done by the protease proteasome. The CTL recognises the viral peptide fragments presented by MHC class I protein, whereas NK cells monitor the level of MHC class I on the cell surface. Cells presenting a low level of MHC class I proteins are targeted to be killed y the natural killer cells regardless of the peptide fragments it presents. Many viruses have developed mechanisms to suppress the expression of MHC class I on cells that it invades. By down regulating MHC class l, it inhibits the presentation of viral antigens and these cells are therefore not detected by CTL. The down regulation of MHC class I in infected cells makes them more vulnerable for NK attacks. Natural Killer (NK) cells express a range of receptors that cannot be rearranged. These receptors are activator (such as NKG2D) and inhibitory receptors (such as NKG2A), nd each of these recognise a specific ligand on the surface of infected cells. The balance between the activation of activating receptors and inhibitory receptors regulates the activation of (NK) cells.